Claire Birkenshaw “Chopper was my first lesson in the vast difference between myth and reality” (Gordie Lachance, Stand by Me) In Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity, Erving Goffman (1963/1990) argues that stigma is not an inherent attribute of individuals but a social relationship through which particular characteristics become discrediting. As such, virtually anyone is susceptible to…

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